Abstract

As we all of us have experienced the advent of Voice over IP (VoIP) has given a new dimension to Internet and opened a host of new possibilities and opportunities for both corporate and public network planners. Many companies are seeing the value of transporting voice over IP networks to reduce telephone and facsimile costs.

Voice over Internet Protocol (also called IP Telephony, Internet telephony, and Digital Phone) – is the routing of voice conversations over the Internet or any other IP-based network. It was important to deal with challenges like interoperability, packet loss, delay, density, scalability, and reliability while adding voice to packet networks. The basic protocols being used at the network and transport layer have remained unchanged. This calls for the definition of new protocols, which can be used in addition with the existing protocols.

Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) is result of extensive research to meet the growing demands of industry and a common user. RTP usually used in conjunction with the RTP Control Protocol (RTCP). While RTP carries the media streams (e.g., audio and video) or out-of-band events signaling (DTMF in separate payload type), RTCP is used to monitor transmission statistics and quality of service (QoS) information. When both protocols are used in conjunction, RTP is usually originated and received on even port numbers, whereas RTCP uses the next higher odd port number.

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